Oil burner



Nov. 22, 1938. P. v. KNAPP Er AL 2,137,673

@1L BURNER Filed April 25. 1937 Bq UWG l ATTORNEYSv Patented Nov. 22, 1938 v yon. BURNER Percy Vincent Knapp, Alfred Irvine Senior, Maxwell McNabb, and

Edward Hans 'lpllil mann, Motueka, New Zealand JfApplication April 23, 1937, Serial No. 138,662

y In New Zealand May 5, 1936 y,

4 claims. (c1. 15s- 91)A Y This invention relates to a burner construction designed for use with oil fuelsl and in any of the circumstances in which such types of burners'are generally employed, as for instance in the heating of domestic cooking ranges or stoves, and in the heating of drying chambers, and other such like operations;

The invention is concernedA with a construction of burner apparatus under which the oil iuel is fed to a burner contained within a combustion chamber to which air to obtain the vaporization and combustion of theoil is admitted and in which the ames of combustion have air admitted thereto as they pass away from the combustion chamber in order to increase the intensity of the heat produced thereby.

The improvements forming the invention have been devised with the objects of providing a new construction and combination of parts whereby these effects may be produced and whereby a more eilective mixture ofthe vaporized oil and air to obtain the combustion, is obtained, and also whereby provision is made for a supply of water vapour being drawn `in with the air to support the combustion.

Inrfully describing the invention reference will be made to the accompanying sheet of drawings, in whichz- Figure 1 is a plan of the wholeburner and its casing enclosure, the latter being shown in sec` tion.

Figure 2 is an outer end elevation thereof.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section thereof.

Figure 4 is a cross section taken, on the line l--4 of Figure 3 and looking to the right of such line.

Figure 5 is an enlarged cross section of the inner end of the burner body and of the casing enclosure'y showing the arrangement of the admission ducts for the air for admixture with the burner flames.

In giving eiIect to the invention, a cylindrical burner chamber lll is combined `with a suitable ilat face plate ll `to extend horizontally therewith on its front face and also to extend for a distance on its rear face to thereby adapt itself for entry into the sphere into which the burner flame is to be drawn by reason of the draught caused in such sphere. This face plate Il may conveniently be used-to secure the burner upon the stovefront or furnace or other lapparatus with which the burner is combined for the heating thereof. It also serves as a means for attaching the enclosure casing I2 which will be hereinafter more iully described. The outer end of the burner chamber isclosed by a Asuitable closure I3 which may be made removable if so .desired The burner is designed to be-employed in circumstances underwhich an air draught is induced to act from the rear end of the chamber by natural draught or forced draught, as may be desired. i

The chamber I0 is enlarged in diameter at about the middle oi its forward part `and formed in the top portion with an opening Mextending around its top. A lid I5 is provided to fit within suchopening to cover it. This opening is provided for` purposes of access to the burner pot in lighting up and in attention generallyto the burner. The burner pot,` whiohis shown at I6, is attached to the bottom of the enlarged part of the chamber being formed by a pan having a raised edge, attached to a supporting stem I1 which projects the pan upward within thechamber area so that the air for combustion may pass around and over the pan on all sides. Thestem l1 may have a drain hole lilv leadingk down through it to outside the chamber, for draining away any overflow of oil from the burner. The

burner pan is lined with any suitable refractory absorbent material, such as asbestos, and has the oil supply dropped into it from a drp'feed pipe I9 leading down through an opening formed in the chamber top and connected with any suitable overhead source of supply having ordinary control means. y

Therlid I5 is made with an air entry aperture 20 `extending transversely across it, and preferably shaped of the triangular lformation shown in Figure l, and with its edges tapering downwardly and inwardly asshown in Figure 3, in. order that as air is drawn down through this opening, it will be distributed over the areavof the chamber and around the burner pot i6 with a whirling action, to thereby more-eectually cause the combustion of the oil that, is fed to such pot. yAir also will be drawn down through the opening throughwhichthe tube i9 passes, to impinge more directly upon ther 'pan surface and support the combustion ofthe oil. r The chamber Ill, outside the face plate Il, is shaped with an vexternal annular enlargement 2|, and a number of air ducts22 are formed in this enlarged portion to extend from its front face and then radially inward to open into the inside of the chamber I0. These ducts are disposed at distances apart all round the chamber and are providedto cause air currents to enter under the inductive force of the draught acting in 'the back end oi the burner chamber. These currents thus whirl round the chamber area and mixing with the flames coming from the burner pot, serve to increase the heat thereof. The manner of forming and arranging these ducts is shown more fully in the enlarged detail drawing Figure 5.

A register plate ring 2l is provided to surround the chamber and to fit againstthe front face of the enlargement 2|, such ring being made, to cover the ducts 22 more or less by forming it with openings which correspond in number, position and size, with the duct openings. By turning this ring on the chamber therefore the amount of air to be admitted through the ducts may be regulated at will and thus the combustion effects controlled as required.

'Ihe burner chamber thus made and operating is enclosed in a cylindrical casing I2 that is constructed to surround it and leave an annular air space between them, such casing at its rear end fitting around the enlargement 2| and being attached to the face plate II at such rear end by means of suitable fastenings, as for instance the radial lugs 26 engaging the plate'and the screws 26A passing through the lugs into the plate. This casing is closed at its front end. It is made with an opening 21 in its top that is covered by a cover plate 28, which when removed, will'allow of the chamber lid Hi` being lifted out to permit of access to the burner pot when starting the burner. Air is allowed to enter through this opening such air preferably being led into it through passages 29 extending up its outside i wall oneach side and connecting with suchopening 21. 'I'his will cause the air to be warmed to some extent by reason of its flowing over the wall of the casing, which becomes heated by radiant heat from the burner chamber'. The air thus entering the casing, will supply the burner through the air aperture 20' and the ducts 22, its passage within the space around the chamber I0 causing it to be heated to a high temperature before passing through the ducts 22, so` that it mingles more efiiciently with the flames passing from the burner pot, to increase the combustion temperature thereof. y

I'he casing I2 is formed along one side with an open top gutter 30 in which a supply of water may be maintained through a drip pipe 3|. I'his water will be heated by the burner heat to produce a steam or vapour which will be carried with the air through into the burner chamber, to thus aid in the complete combustion of the carbon contents of the combustion products. In some cases the-gutter may be formed along the outside of the burner chamber.

The casing I2 may also be made with a sump I2 at its forward end, into kwhich any excess of water or overow of oil from the burner pot will gravitate, such sumpbeing provided with a drain-` ing nipple 33 to drain the said liquids away.

. This burner is started in the manner commonly used in starting up burners of this type, that is by placing an igniter kerosene saturated mass in the burner pot to heat it to the extent necessary to ensure of the valborizationA of the oil fuel fed to such pot. This operation 'may be readily carried outby removing the cover 28 and lifting out the lid II. Repairs to this pot may also be carried out by access through the openings thus provided for.

We claimz- V1. An oil fuel burner comprising a horizontal Lan oil feed pipe leading to said burner pot from the outside of the cylindrical chamber.

2. An oil fuel burner comprising a horizontal vcylindrical burner chamber having a closed front end and an open rear end and provided with a top opening, a lidcovering said top opening, said lid having an air entry aperture therein ofiiat triangular form extending transversely of the axis of said cylindrical chamber and taperingly decreasing in area from the exterior inwardly. said cylindrical chamber also being provided near its rear end with a number of air entry ducts disposed` at circumferentially spaced intervals and opening radially into the cylindrical chamber, a register ring plate'enclrcling the cylinder to cover the inlets to said air entry ducts, a burner pot mounted in the bottom of said chamber, and an oil feed pipe leading to said burner pot from the outside of the cylindrical chamber.

.3. An oil fuel burner comprising a horizontal cylindrical burner chamber having a closed front end and an open rear end and provided with a top opening, a lid covering said top opening, said lid having an air entry aperture therein,

said cylindrical chamber also being provided near its rear end with a number of air entry ducts disposed at circumferentially spaced intervals and opening radially into the cylindrical chamber, a register ring plate encircling the cylinder to cover the inlets to said air entry ducts, a burner pot mounted in the bottom of said chamber, an oil feed pipe leading to said burner pot from the outside of the cylindrical chamber, a cylin.- drical casing extending around the front end and cylindrical wall of the burner chamber in spaced relation to said chamber.V and means on the exterior of said' casing forming air entry passages extending upwardly from the sides of said casing and into the top thereof. A 4. An oil fuel burner comprising a horizontal cylindrical burner chamber having a closed front end and an open rear end and provided with a top opening, a lid for covering said top opening, said-lid havingV an air entry aperture therein, said chamber near its rear end being formed with an annular enlargement provided with a number of air ducts extending in from its front face and opening into the interior of the cylindrical chamber, a register ring plate encircling the cylindrical chamber against said front face of said enlargement, a cylindrical casing extending around the front end and wall of the cylindrical 'chamber in spaced relation thereto and enclosing also said annular enlargement, said casing having air entry passages passing upward on its outside walls and extending into the top thereof, a burner pot mounted in the bottom oi said chamber, and an oil'feed pipe leading into the burner pot from the outside of the cylindrical chamber.

PERCY VINCENT KNAP ALFRED IRVINE SENIOR.

IMAXWELL McNABB.

EDWARD HANS TUI BENSEMANN. 

